clarifications concerning kings, pawns, artillery, and simultaneity

Can artillery move to the last rank? There are several possibilities here, I think the best is to allow artillery to move to the last rank only on a turn when a pawn also moves to the last rank.

Can a non-final king move into check? No. And kings that are in check are expected to take steps to get out of check. The rule motivating this is: the number of moves available on any turn is not, as was said previously, the number of kings on the board, but the number of kings that are out of check after all simultaneous piece moves occur, which means you can shut down a king by checkmating it and you only have to actually take it to deploy the checkmating pieces elsewhere or mitigate a danger of its rescue.

Can two pieces move through each other, outside of castling? Yes. The queen at 4876 and the bishop at 3886 could switch places on black's first turn. Doing so would use up two of the 64 moves. The operational principle is that pieces that are moving do not block movement of other pieces that are moving, as observed from castling. Castling, in which an unmoved king moves two spaces towards an unmoved rook, which jumps the king to the other side of it, counts as one move.

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